 | |
| Manufacturer | Toyota Motor Corporation |
|---|---|
| Production | 1980–present |
| Predecessor | Toyota Corona |
| Class | Japan:International: |
The Toyota Camry is a mid-size car, formerly a compact car, manufactured by Toyota since 1980. The name "Camry" is an Anglicized phonetic transcription of the Japanese wordkanmuri (冠, かんむり), meaning "crown".[1] This follows Toyota's naming tradition of using the crown name for primary models starting with the Toyota Crown in 1955, continuing with theToyota Corona and Corolla; the Latin words for "crown" and "small crown", respectively.[2]"Camry" is also an anagram for "my car".[3]
In the United States, the Camry has been regularly the best selling car for the last decade, but has been outsold in some years. The Camry also sells very well in Australia, Canada, and a number of Asian markets—in particular Cambodia where the vast majority of cars are Camrys.[4] Due to their comfort-tuned suspensions, most models of the Camry are regarded as less sporty than rival vehicles,[5] with the exception of sports-oriented versions.[5] Despite its international success, it has not sold as well in Europe, where sales ended in 2004,[6] and the Avensis became the flagship model in 2002.[7]
For the East and Southeast Asian markets, high specification Camry models are seen asexecutive cars. Since the sixth generation model, the Camrys sold in these markets have sported revised front- and rear-end treatment. For the seventh generation, the same was done, although the Australian-designed Toyota Aurion which is based on the seventh generation Camry was the donor model. The Aurion features revised front- and rear-end treatment and changes to the interior, but is fitted with the same powertrains. An up-branded luxury version of the Camry was sold in Japan as the Toyota Windom until 2006; the relatedLexus ES shares major chassis and drivetrain components with the Camry.
[edit]Celica Camry (A40, A50; 1980–1982)
 | |
| Also called | Toyota Carina Toyota Corona Toyota Celica |
|---|---|
| Production | 1980–1982 |
| Assembly | Toyota City, Japan |
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan |
| Layout | FR layout |
| Engine(s) | 1.6 L 12T-U I4 1.8 L 13T-U I4 2.0 L I4 |
| Wheelbase | 2,500 mm (98 in) |
| Length | 4,445 mm (175.0 in) |
| Width | 1,645 mm (64.8 in) |
| Height | 1,390 mm (55 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,010 kg (2,200 lb) |
Originally launched as the Toyota Celica Camry in January 1980 for the Japanese home market, this model was essentially a second-generation Toyota Carina with updated body-styling and a front-end that resembled a 1978 Toyota Celica XX, known as the Celica Suprain export markets.
The car was based on the rear-wheel drive Celica and was powered by either a 1.6 litre 12T-Uengine producing 65 kW (87 hp) JIS and 128 N·m (94 ft·lbf) or a 1.8 litre 13T-U engine producing 70 kW (94 hp) and 147 N·m (108 ft·lbf). Towards the end of its model lifecycle, Toyota introduced a sports version of the Celica Camry equipped with the 16-valve double overhead camshaft 2.0 litre engine from the Celica producing 72 kW (97 hp). This is the most sought-after version of the Celica Camry in the secondhand market today.
Although it has an identical 2,500 mm (98 in) wheelbase to the Celica, the Corona, and the Carina, it is longer than the Carina but shorter than both the Corona and Celica. During its model cycle, over 100,000 units were sold in Japan. The Celica Camry was also exported to a number of markets using the Carina's name, and it replaced the second-generation Carina in these markets.
Other Japanese car makers offered the Nissan Stanza and the Honda Accord around the same time.
[edit]First generation (SV10, CV10; 1982–1986)
 | |
| Also called | Toyota Vista |
|---|---|
| Production | 1982–1986 |
| Model year(s) | 1983–1986 |
| Assembly | Toyota City, Japan |
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan 5-door hatchback |
| Layout | FF layout |
| Engine(s) | 1.8 L 1S-L I4 1.8 L 1C-TL(C) I4 2.0 L 2S-ELC I4 2.0 L 2C-TLC turbodiesel I4 |
| Transmission(s) | 5-speed manual 4-speed A140E automatic |
| Wheelbase | 2,600 mm (100 in) |
| Length | 4,440 mm (175 in) |
| Width | 1,690 mm (67 in) |
| Height | 1,395 mm (54.9 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,045 kg (2,300 lb) |
In 1982, the Camry became an independent model line, and was sold as a compact four-doorsedan and five-door hatchback. There were limited exports, predominantly to right-hand-drive markets. At this point, Camry was positioned above the Carina and Corona, two other mid-sized models made by Toyota. A twin was announced at this point: the Toyota Vista.
The design of the first generation Camry fit well within the box-shaped trends of the early 1980s. Additionally, the vehicle size and available options were characteristic of Japanese-designed cars of the time; the Camry was a compact sedan, with a solid but spartan construction and competed indirectly against larger American counterparts.
In North America, the Camry was available with a 68 kW (91 hp) SAE 2.0 litre 2S-ELC engine, 1.8 litre 1C-TLC or a 55 kW (74 hp) 2.0 litre 2C-TLC turbodiesel engine. Either a four-door sedan or five-door hatchback body style could be specified, and could be purchased with either a five-speed manual transmission or a four-speedA140E automatic. In contrast to the rear-wheel drive Celica Camry, the Toyota Camry was a front-wheel drive vehicle built on an all-new platform. In Australia, only the petrol-fueled hatchback was sold. The United Kingdom, and much of Continental Europe got the sedan and hatchback versions: these were available in 1.8 litre GLi or 2.0 litre GLi trim levels. A 2.0 litre GLD turbodiesel was also offered, but this is rare nowadays.
[edit]Second generation (SV20, VZV20; 1986–1990)
 | |
| Also called | Holden Apollo Toyota Vista |
|---|---|
| Production | 1986–1990 (Japan) 1986–1991 (North America) 1987–1992 (Australia) |
| Assembly | Georgetown, Kentucky Port Melbourne, Victoria,Australia Toyota City, Japan |
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan 5-door station wagon |
| Layout | Front engine, front-wheel drive /all-wheel drive |
| Engine(s) | 1.8 L 1S I4 (1987-1989) 2.0 L 3S-FE I4 2.5 L 2VZ-FE V6 |
| Transmission(s) | 5-speed S51 manual 5-speed S53 manual (FF I4) 5-speed E52 manual (V6) 5-speed E56F5 manual (F4) 4-speed A140E automatic 4-speed A540E automatic (V6) 4-speed A540H automatic (F4) |
| Wheelbase | 2,600 mm (100 in) |
| Length | 4,520 mm (178 in) |
| Width | 1,690 mm (67 in) |
| Height | Sedan: 1,374 mm (54.1 in) Wagon: 1,384 mm (54.5 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,240 kg (2,700 lb)–1,295 kg (2,850 lb) |
| Related | Lexus ES 250 |
The second generation model debuted in 1986, this time including a station wagon while dropping the hatchback body style. At this point, it was still regarded as a compact car. In 1988, an all-wheel drive system dubbed All-Trac was introduced and a 2.5 litre 118 kW (158 hp) JIS V6 engine were added as options for the first time. The V6 was fuel-injected with 24 valves, and dual overhead camshafts, much like the upgraded 96 kW (129 hp) JIS four-cylinder engine. In Japan there was a GT model using the older 3S-GE engine as used on the Celica. This particular model also had a factory strut brace similar to an AE92 Corolla and rode on the V6 model's 15 inch alloy wheels. This particular model also had an electronic instrument cluster.
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_Executive_sedan_02.jpg)
In 1987, Toyota Australia began producing these second generation Camrys in Altona, Victoria,Australia. In fact, it was the first Camry ever made outside of Japan. A 1.8 litre four-cylinder engine rated at 64 kW (86 hp) was standard on the base model, while a twin-cam, multi-valve 2.0 litrestraight-four engine and five-speed manual transmission was available on all others. A four-speed overdrive automatic was made optional. All models bar the Ultima had a two-barrel carburettorversion of the engine (3S-FC); the Ultima featured an electronic fuel injected (EFI) version of the same (3S-FE). The base engine produced 82 kilowatts (110 hp) and 166 newton metres (122 ft·lbf) of torque, with 88 kilowatts (118 hp) and 171 newton metres (126 ft·lbf) for the EFI version. In 1988, a 2.5 litre V6 was introduced. The V6 sat the very top of the range, and was the only model to be imported from Japan. Due to its positioning in the line-up, and the high import duty it attracted, it was very expensive, and only sold in small numbers. In 1989, the 1.8 litre engine was dropped, and was replaced with the 2.0 litre carburettored engine, until early 1991, when the EFI version of was made standard. This was the result of the introduction of more stringentemission standards in Australia.
Toyota Motor Manufacturing Kentucky, the first wholly-owned U.S. Toyota plant, began producing Camrys in 1988, where three trim levels of the second generation Camry were made: the unbadged base model, the DX, and the LE. The 2.5 litre engine and Camry chassis was repackaged as the upscale Lexus ES 250. The ES 250 was essentially the Japanese-market Camry hardtop. In 1991, anti-lock brakes became optional on the V6, LE, and station wagon models. These second generation models were extremely popular in the United States and it is not at all uncommon to see examples on American roads, even to this day more than two decades after production. The Nissan competitor Stanza was replaced by the Nissan Cefiro in Japan, and the Nissan Altima in North America.
[edit]Third generation
[edit]Japan (SV30; 1990–1994)
_(front),_Serdang.jpg) | |
| Production | 1990–1994 |
|---|---|
| Assembly | Tsutsumi, Japan |
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan |
| Layout | Front engine, front-wheel drive / all-wheel drive |
| Engine(s) | 1.8 L I4 2.0 L I4 2.2 L I4 (turbodiesel) 2.2 L 5S-FE I4 130 hp 2.0 L V6 3.0 L V6 |
| Width | 1,695 mm (66.7 in) |
| Related | Toyota Scepter Toyota Vista (V30) |
_(rear),_Serdang.jpg)
The third generation Camry (SV30) was introduced exclusively to the Japanese market in July 1990. A widened version of this model was also sold in Japan as the Toyota Scepter. The Scepter incorporated unique front- and rear-end styling, with the side doors and many other sheet metal and mechanical components interchangeable between the two cars. Outside of Japan, the Scepter was known as the Camry (SXV10/VCV10/MCV10). These generation classification are for the Japanese market Camry.
For the 1991 model year, a four wheel steering version of the japanese Camry was sold with a 2.0 L V6 engine, with the name Toyota Camry V6 PROMINENT 4WS, and chassis code E-VZV31.[8]
An updated model appeared in July 1992. The scope of changes ranged from a new, largergrille and a revised air conditioning unit. At the same time the ZX touring package appeared in place of GT.
[edit]International (SXV10, VCV10, MCV10; 1991–1996)
 | |
| Also called | Holden Apollo Toyota Vienta |
|---|---|
| Production | 1991–1996 1993–1997 (Australia) |
| Model year(s) | 1992–1996 |
| Body style(s) | 2-door coupé 4-door sedan 5-door station wagon |
In 1990, Toyota replaced the compact SV20 Camry with an all-new SV30 series exclusive to Japan. While marginally larger than the SV20, the SV30 had to comply with Japanese tax legislation which restricted the car's width to 1,700 millimetres (67 in) and length to 4,700 millimetres (190 in). Particularly in theUnited States, this narrower model would not generate enough sales, as proved by its SV20 Camry forbear. As a result, a "wide-body" Camry was designed, known as the Toyota Scepter. This came to be known as the Camry (SXV10, VCV10, MCV10) in all markets outside of Japan; Japan was the only market to receive the narrower SV30 model. The smaller Camry varied in other areas besides the size. Although the underpinnings, doors and fenders, and overall basic design cues were common between the two cars, the smaller Camry sported harder, more angular front- and rear-end treatment, with the Scepter presenting a more curvaceous silhouette. This was a departure from the second generation Camry models which, although they had many more rounded panels than the first generation, were nevertheless generally slab-sided in shape.
The Japanese market received a new SV40 series Camry in 1994, yet the Scepter lived on until 1996, skipping a generation before being replaced by the SXV20 Camry globally. This new model ceased the era of separate Camrys—a global Camry—and a smaller Japanese domestic market version. In Japan, the smaller Vista took up the former SV40 Camry role from 1998.
The Camry/Scepter (SXV10, VCV10, MCV10) offered a 2.2 litre 5S-FE inline-four engine, up from 2.0 litres in the V20 and SV30 Camrys. This unit produced 97 kilowatts (130 hp) of power and 197 newton metres (145 ft·lbf) of torque, although the figures varied slightly depending on the market.[9] Power and displacement increases were also received for the V6 engine. The 3.0 litre 3VZ-FE unit was rated at 138 kilowatts (185 hp) and 264 newton metres (195 ft·lbf).[9] An all-new aluminium 1MZ-FE V6 debuted in North American models from 1994, with other markets soon following, except for Japan which retained the 3VZ-FE V6. Power and torque rose to 140 kilowatts (190 hp) and 275 newton metres (203 ft·lbf), respectively.[9][10]
A two-door Camry coupé was added to compete with the Honda Accord coupé. However, the Camry Coupé was never popular and was dropped in 1997. A two-door Camry would not be reintroduced until 1999, with the Toyota Camry Solara.
In Australia, the V6 engine Camry was badged "Camry Vienta" when launched in 1993, later becoming the Toyota Vienta in 1995.
[edit]Fourth generation (SV40; 1994–1998)
 | |
| Production | 1994–1998 (JDM) |
|---|---|
| Assembly | Tsutsumi, Japan |
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan |
| Layout | Front engine, front-wheel drive / all-wheel drive |
| Engine(s) | 1.8 L I4 2.0 L I4 2.2 L I4 (turbodiesel) |
| Length | 4,625 mm (182.1 in) |
| Width | 1,695 mm (66.7 in) |
| Height | 1,410 mm (56 in)–1,435 mm (56.5 in) |
| Related | Toyota Vista (V40) |
The Camry SV40 appeared in July 1994 exclusively for the Japanese market. Engines for the SV40 were a 1.8 litre (4S-FE type) and 2.0 litre (3S-FE type), and a 2.2 litre turbodiesel(3C-T type). At launch only the 2.0 litre model was available in all-wheel drive mode, although afterwards the 2.2 litre turbodiesel could be optioned with this system.
Toyota updated the SV40 in June 1996. In the update anti-lock brakes and dual air bagsbecame standard equipment. After 1998, the Japanese market Camry and international Camry became in-line with each other, with the Toyota Vista taking over the SV30 and SV40 Camry roles.
[edit]Fifth generation (SXV20, MCV20; 1996–2001)
_Conquest_sedan_05.jpg) | |
| Also called | Daihatsu Altis Toyota Vienta |
|---|---|
| Production | 1996–2001 |
| Model year(s) | 1997–2001 |
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan 5-door station wagon (non-US) |
The fifth generation Camry was launched in Japan in December 1996. It continued as a sedan and station wagon (called the Camry Gracia in Japan), though the latter model was not sold in the United States. This generation was launched in the U.S. for the 1997 model year.
In 2000, the sedan models received a mid-model upgrade to the front and rear fascias, but remained otherwise similar to the 1997 to 1999 models. A coupe was added in 1999, and then a convertible form in 2000. In contrast to the coupe from the third generation Camrys, the new two-door cars were given a separate nameplate Camry Solara, or simply Solara. They were also a significant styling departure from the sedan. The Solara was available in SEand SLE trims, corresponding roughly to the sedan's LE and XLE trims.
In the United States, the Camry SE was dropped and the base model was renamed the CEfor the 1997 model year. Both the LE(Limited Edition) and the XLE trims were carried over from the previous generation. All trim levels were available with either the 2.2 L I4 or the 3.0 L V6 engine except the Solara SLE, which was only available with the V6. TRD offered a supercharger kit for 1997-2000 V6 models raising power to 247 hp (184 kW) and 242 lb·ft (328 N·m) of torque.
Power was increased slightly to 133 hp (99 kW) SAE for the 5S-FE 2.2 L I4 and 194 hp (145 kW) SAE for the 1MZ-FE V6. Manual transmissions (model: S51) were only available on the CE trim level, LE V6, and any Solara model.
[edit]Sixth generation (ACV30, MCV30; 2001–2006)
 | |
| Also called | Daihatsu Altis |
|---|---|
| Production | 2001–2006 |
| Model year(s) | 2002–2006 |
| Related | Lexus ES/Toyota Windom |
In September 2001, the 2002 model year Toyota Camry was released as a larger sedan (taking styling cues from the successful Vitz, Corolla, and Solara), but without a station wagon for the first time. Due to station wagons losing popularity to minivan and crossover SUVs, the Camry wagon was replaced by the Sienna minivan (North America only) and theHighlander SUV, both vehicles utilizing the Camry's platform.
[edit]Camry Solara
Until the 2003 model year, the Camry Solara remained on the sixth generation chassis, and received only minor styling upgrades to the front and rear ends. However, the Solara did receive the same 2.4-liter 2AZ-FE I4 engine that was available on the Camry sedan.
[edit]Seventh generation (ACV40, GSV40; 2006–present)
 | |
| Also called | Daihatsu Altis |
|---|---|
| Production | 2006–present |
| Model year(s) | 2007–present |
| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan |
| Layout | FF layout |
| Related | Lexus ES Toyota Aurion |
The seventh generation Camry was introduced at the 2006 North American International Auto Show alongside a hybrid version and went on sale in March 2006 for the 2007 model year. Toyota completely redesigned the Camry giving it a sleeker design. Toyota normally begins selling the Camry in September but cut the previous model's lifespan to 4.5 years instead of 5 years.
Power comes from a choice of four and six-cylinder engines.For 2010, power is increased to 169, verses the 158 from 2007 to 2009.Power locks,stability control,and traction control were made standard for 2010 also. The 2.4 L 2AZ-FE I4engine was carried over and produced 158 horsepower (118 kW). It came with a five-speed manual or five-speed automatic. The 3.5 L2GR-FE V6 in contrast came with a new six-speed automatic and produces 268 horsepower (200 kW).[11] The Camry was facelifted for the 2010 model year with a redesigned fascia, taillights, and an all-new 2.5-liter 2AR-FE 4-cylinder engine with new 6-speed transmissions.
[edit]Camry Hybrid
The seventh-generation Toyota Camry is the first generation in which the Camry has been available as a gasoline/electric hybrid. The Camry Hybrid utilizes Toyota’s second generation Hybrid Synergy Drive and a 2AZ-FXE 4-cylinder with 147 horsepower (110 kW) in conjunction with a 40 hp (30 kW) electric motor for a combined output of 187 horsepower (139 kW).[12] The Camry became the third Toyota model sold in America to be offered as a hybrid after the Prius and the Highlander Hybrid.
[edit]International production
Toyota Camrys are produced at Georgetown, Kentucky, USA; Aichi, Japan; Melbourne, Australia; St. Petersburg, Russia, and in China (for the Chinese market only). The Chinese Camry shares its front and rear design with the Australian 6-cylinder Aurion. On April 20, 2007, Camry manufacturing began at Subaru of Indiana Automotive, Inc. in Lafayette, Indiana USA, with an intended annual production of ~100,000 units. Camrys manufactured in Japan are denoted with a VIN starting with "J"; US-made models are denoted with a VIN starting with "4".
Daihatsu continued with its twin Altis model for the Japanese market. The third generation Altis was introduced in January 2006, and continued with the 2AZ-FE engine. Visually, the Altis is very similar to the 4-cylinder JDM Toyota Camry.
[edit]Unintended acceleration recall
In 2010, Toyota recalled many MY 2007-2010 Camrys due to an unintentional acceleration problem.[13] Although Toyota has not recalled MY 2005 Camrys, a US Federal lawsuit filed in February 2010 claims that faulty Camry brakes were responsible for two deaths in January, 2010.[14]
[edit]Sales
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Toyota Camry |
| Calendar year | US sales | Canada sales |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 422,961[15] | ? |
| 2001 | 388,512 | ? |
| 2002 | 434,145[16] | ? |
| 2003 | 413,296 | ? |
| 2004 | 426,990[17] | ? |
| 2005 | 431,703 | ? |
| 2006 | 448,445[18] | ? |
| 2007 | 473,108 | ? |
| 2008 | 436,617[19] | ? |
| 2009 | 356,824[20] | 15,524[21] |
[edit]References
- ^ Robinson, Aaron (February 2007). "2007 Honda Accord vs. Nissan Altima, Kia Optima, Saturn Aura, Toyota Camry, Chrysler Sebring". Car and Driver (Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S.). Retrieved 2009-07-11.
- ^ Mondale, Walter; Weston, Mark (2002). Giants of Japan: The Lives of Japan's Most Influential Men and Women. New York City: Kodansha America. p. 63.ISBN 1568363249.
- ^ "Auto Anagrams". Wordsmith. Retrieved 2009-03-09.
- ^ "Wired 2 The World". Retrieved 2007-11-15.
- ^ a b Consumer Guide 2008 Camry
- ^ Ciferri, Luca (February 2006). "Toyota says 'No' to Camry for Europe". Automotive News Europe. Retrieved 2009-03-21.
- ^ "Toyota Avensis Preview". 4car. 19 Nov 02. Retrieved 2009-03-21.
- ^ "Toyota Camry V6 PROMINENT 4WS". Japan-partner.com. Retrieved 2009-10-06.
- ^ a b c Power figures measured in accordance with the SAE standard, as quoted for the North American models.
- ^ "1992-1996 Toyota Camry Full Review". HowStuffWorks. Publications International. Retrieved 2008-04-20.
- ^ "2007 Toyota Camry Specs". JB car pages. Retrieved 2008-08-10.
- ^ "2007 Toyota Camry Hybrid Specs". JB car pages. Retrieved 2008-08-10.
- ^ http://minnesota.publicradio.org/display/web/2010/02/04/toyota-prius/
- ^ http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Toyota-sued-in-Calif-over-apf-2735523463.html?x=0&sec=topStories&pos=1&asset=&ccode=
- ^ "Toyota Sets Sales Record for Sixth Year in a Row". The Auto Channel. 2002-01-03.
- ^ "Toyota Announces Best Sales Year in Its 46-Year History, Breaks Sales Record for Eighth Year in a Row". The Auto Channel. 2004-01-05.
- ^ "Toyota Reports 2005 and December Sales". The Auto Channel. 2006-01-04.
- ^ "Toyota Reports 2007 and December Sales". The Auto Channel. 2008-01-03.
- ^ "Toyota Reports 2008 and December Sales". The Auto Channel. 2009-01-05.
- ^ http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2010/01/05/460606.html
- ^ "Strada: Canadian Sales in 2009". Canadian Sales in 2009. 2010-01-25.
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